Scoliosis Surgery

Scoliosis Surgery is a specialized orthopaedic and spinal discipline focused on the correction of abnormal lateral curvature and rotational deformity of the spine. Presented at a global Surgical Science Conference, this session explores advanced correction techniques, growth-preserving strategies, and evolving technologies in spinal deformity correction surgery. As scoliosis can significantly impact posture, pulmonary function, and overall quality of life, surgical intervention is often essential in progressive or severe cases.

Scoliosis may arise from idiopathic causes, congenital vertebral anomalies, neuromuscular disorders, or degenerative changes in adulthood. Surgical decision-making depends on curve magnitude, progression rate, skeletal maturity, and associated symptoms. Radiographic evaluation, including standing spinal X-rays and advanced imaging, guides operative planning and deformity assessment.

Posterior spinal fusion remains a foundational technique for correcting significant spinal curvature. This procedure involves realignment of the spine using rods, screws, and anchors to maintain corrected alignment while facilitating bony fusion. Modern instrumentation systems provide enhanced stability and allow three-dimensional correction of rotational deformities. Surgeons aim to achieve optimal spinal balance while preserving as much mobility as possible.

In pediatric patients, growth-friendly techniques such as growing rods and vertebral body tethering are utilized to allow continued spinal development while controlling curvature progression. Minimally invasive approaches and neuromonitoring technologies have improved surgical safety and reduced complication rates.

Postoperative care includes structured rehabilitation, pain management, and long-term monitoring of spinal alignment. Multidisciplinary collaboration among orthopaedic surgeons, neurologists, pulmonologists, and rehabilitation specialists supports comprehensive patient management.

Technological advancements such as computer-assisted navigation, robotic guidance systems, and 3D imaging platforms continue to refine deformity correction accuracy. Research into biologic bone graft substitutes and enhanced recovery protocols further supports improved outcomes.

By integrating biomechanical expertise, advanced instrumentation, and patient-centered planning, scoliosis surgery continues to evolve as a critical intervention in restoring spinal alignment and functional mobility.